NASBLA Roundtable

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  • 1.  Homemade Submarine

    Posted 02-27-2024 11:45 AM

    Good day all,

    In my seventeen years of service to the Marine Services Bureau of the New Jersey State Police, now I can almost say, without hesitation, that I have seen everything. We have a request for a H.I.N. investigation (as required to register homemade vessels) by one of our residents who has built his own submarine. We have no law or administrative code that addresses the use of submarines in the waters of the state. Does anyone have any state laws/code addressing this type of craft?

    I am hesitant to scramble to address the issue, as this is the first time in my career I have seen this.

    Any thoughts would be appreciated. I have included a photograph to assist.



    ------------------------------
    Lt. Christopher Jones
    Operations Officer
    Marine Services Bureau
    New Jersey State Police
    New Jersey BLA
    christopher.jones@njsp.gov
    ------------------------------


  • 2.  RE: Homemade Submarine

    Posted 02-28-2024 09:59 AM
    Good Day:

    No state statutes, no regulations:?? Why would the state have
    jurisdiction over the uniqueness of this project, excepting that it is a
    "boat" per se?

    However, I would require that a diver's flag be deployed by the vessel
    before surfacing in any navigable waters, to avoid collision with
    surface vessels.?? Most states do have some sort of statute governing the
    protection of "divers" from surface traffic.?? If your state's statute
    verbiage definition of a "diver", or "diving operations" would
    conceivably include operation of a submersible vehicle, then that would
    apply.?? In lieu of having to release a diver's flag before surfacing, it
    may be possible for the operator to moor a diver's flag in one location
    and conduct submergence and surfacing within the specified-distance
    vicinity of that flag.

    That is just common sense.

    Also, balance in pitch trim is the most difficult design feature to
    achieve in the operation of ship-shaped submarines, and I would offer
    advice to the builder to consult with a submarine-experienced naval
    architect to insure his safety. Structural, breathable atmosphere, and
    buoyant design considerations would be obvious also, but submarine
    constructors "should" have those points covered.?? There are a
    proliferation of submersible vehicle designs being fielded nowadays and
    a lot of design practice is available to such builders.?? However, a
    higher speed ship-shaped submersible is a bit rare, outside of naval
    vessels.

    Hydrogen gas emissions from batteries may also be a state-regulated
    feature, with respect to the possibility of developing explosive
    atmospheres in the vessel.?? As for any boat, EPA compliance with
    internal combustion engine emission standards would apply, and diesel,
    not spark ignition type engines are an obvious choice for a submersible
    vehicle, in view of possible explosive atmospheres and CO exposure.?? If
    solely battery powered, EPA certs are not an issue, except for
    antifouling paints, anti-pollution placards, etc.

    Rob Schofield

    Naval Architect




  • 3.  RE: Homemade Submarine

    Posted 02-28-2024 11:59 AM

    Wow..... Yeah, basically that's all I got!  Will be interesting to follow this thread though.  Because I'm sure more of us will be seeing this pop up.
    I'm hoping US Coast Guard may have some answers????



    ------------------------------
    [Donna] [Seymour]
    [Boating Safety Coordinator]
    [Maryland Natural Resources Police]
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  • 4.  RE: Homemade Submarine

    Posted 02-29-2024 08:47 AM
    Mr. Jones,

    What a fun question! I teach boating safety on the Gulf Coast and when we discuss lighting configurations someone always asks about submarines.

     The U.S. Coast Guard Navigation website has some navigation rules, flashcards and sub lights is one of the questions there. 

    image.png

    The answer points to CFR Title 32 Part 706 which deals with naval vessels. 

    Looking for the rule online I ended up finding this description in section 707:

    § 707.7 Submarine identification light. Submarines may display, as a distinctive means of identification, an intermittent flashing amber beacon with a sequence of operation of one flash per second for three (3) seconds followed by a three (3) second off-period. The light will be located where it can best be seen, as near as practicable, all around the horizon. It shall not be located less than two (2) feet above or below the masthead lights. [48 FR 4284, Jan. 31, 1983]

    Best of luck with this situation. 
    --
    Regards,
    Tom Dawson





  • 5.  RE: Homemade Submarine

    Posted 02-29-2024 03:48 PM

    As a retired 20 year veteran submariner (2000), let me just point out that from 1980-2000, (a) U.S. subs only displayed a single masthead light from the sail (big metal thing that sticks up), and (b) they are generally loathe to energize the Sub ID beacon, since it basically says "Hi, I'm a submarine." to all other vessels in sight.  It is generally rigged, but not energized unless the OOD or CO deem it necessary for safety / collision avoidance.

    If they are displaying a 2nd masthead light now, that change came about after I retired.  The 2nd part I know from association with current bubbleheads remains in practice.



    ------------------------------
    Lloyd Smith
    Marine Instructor
    FLETC - Glynco
    ------------------------------



  • 6.  RE: Homemade Submarine

    Posted 03-01-2024 11:54 AM
    I little trivia - 

    That light for identifying a sub on the surface is three short light blinks with a three second gap between groups.  The morse code for the letter S.  Makes sense and is easy to remember (at least for folks who know morse code). 

    Robert 







  • 7.  RE: Homemade Submarine

    Posted 03-02-2024 12:05 PM

    One of the first homemade submarines was designed and built by Dutchman Cornelius Van Drebbel in 1620 AD for King James of England.  It was made of wood covered with a shell of greased leather and rowed underwater.

    chairman@paddlesportsracing.org

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    Glen Green
    Chairman Safety Committee
    United States Canoe Association
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  • 8.  RE: Homemade Submarine

    Posted 03-04-2024 10:54 AM

    Happy Monday!!!

    I just wanted to thank everyone who replied. I appreciate all of the help and advice. As an update, the sub is 100% homemade. The builder presented plans, receipts for building materials, and photographs taken of the construction process. Trooper conducted the H.I.N. Investigations and supplied the builder with the required documentation to register the vessel with the NJ Motor Vehicle Commission. I also drafted a letter to the builder, citing the requirements listed in C.F.R., a link to the Rules of the Road, applicable state statutes, and suggested that he hire a qualified marine surveyor to inspect the vessel for seaworthiness.

    Thank you all again. You are what makes this community the BEST!!!

    If you are going to Kentucky next week, I will see you there.

    Chris



    ------------------------------
    Lt. Christopher Jones
    Operations Officer
    Marine Services Bureau
    New Jersey State Police
    New Jersey BLA
    christopher.jones@njsp.gov
    ------------------------------